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Installation
The
installation is comprised of a database of images of daily life
and neuroscience, [1] and data from research on the genetics of
Alzheimer's, including that carried out by the artist in the mapping
of Alzheimer Amyloid Precursor Protein to Chromosome 21. [2] The
images are processed (sonified, degraded, sampled and saved) using
custom code also written by the artist. As an image is called up
from the database, a small yellow cursor pinpoints the location
where the pixel value will be sampled and sonified at every half
second. Through this sonification, reminiscent of the tones made
by heart and oxygen monitors at patient bedsides, the image tells
itself to itself. As this recounting occurs, a microphone samples
the sound level, taking in both the tone and any ambient noise.
Each image is processed and sampled over a period of two minutes,
during which viewers may alter the image. Sampling occurs initially
at time = 0.0, then every thirty seconds thereafter until the two
minutes is concluded, for a total of five sample points. Sampling
is accomplished by saving a thumbnail version of the image in its
various stages of processing/alteration and displaying it beneath
the larger image. At the end of the two minutes, the final altered
version of the image is saved as a thumbnail to an archive and displayed
on an alternate screen. The total duration for the processing of
all images in the database is approximately seven hours, after which
all images have been altered by viewer interaction and final samples
saved to the daily archive.
Methodology
A
random pixel in the image is selected for sampling. Its color value
is evaluated and used to set the volume of a tone to be emitted
by the speaker. As the speaker emits a tone at the specified volume
a digital to analog conversion is accomplished. The microphone picks
up the tone and any additional ambient sound, yet its sensitivity
is insufficient to accomplish a 1:1 registration of the emitted
tone. This loss of fidelity is important to both process and metaphor
in this work. The sound level registered by the microphone is converted
to a number from 0 to 255 and used to set a grayscale value, thus
accomplishing an analog to digital conversion. The grayscale value
is simultaneously visualized on a 4" LCD CCFT monitor, and
used to overwrite the original pixel sampled and another set of
250 random pixels surrounding it. The cycle repeats every one-half
second, with a total of 500 pixels overwritten per second. At the
end of thirty seconds, the image is sampled, the status of the image
is recorded, and a thumbnail image generated and displayed along
with the appropriate time marker. Time markers are: 0.0, 0.5, 1.0,
1.5, and 2.0. At the end of two minutes, a final sample is taken.
An archive thumbnail is generated, which is stored in a progressively
accruing daily collection and displayed on a monitor.
Metaphors
and Processes
Metaphors and processes in The Trajectory of Forgetting engage various
aspects of memory and memory loss, as well as scientific methodology.
The first is that memory constructs continuity of consciousness
and our sense of self. Second, that in order to form long term memory
traces, the immediate record of perception is not sufficient. We
tend to review an event consciously, repeating it, in order to create
a long-term memory trace and, in essence, retell the event, our
story, to ourselves repeatedly in order to commit it to memory.
Third is that the location where memory is stored is coexistent
with the location of its erasure. Fourth is that in neurodegenerative
disorders, such as Alzheimer's, there is a progressive loss of cognitive
function and memory, associated with the inability to form short
and long term memory which leads to an altered sense of Self, which
is not simply a void, but an altered experience of Self. And fifth,
is that upon extensive dementia, the sense of the Self, which the
person held prior to the disorder, is now held in the collective
memory of those in their personal network. The image sampling and
processing evokes aspects of scientific methodology necessary for
empiricism, such as time-based sampling, randomization as a control,
repetition and objectivity. The image database invokes the notion
of personal identity as composed of data, at once qualitative and
quantitative.
It
is expected that in the years 2002-2005 "more data will be
generated than during all previous human history." [3] Databases
are thus an increasingly necessary component for negotiating the
"information society" with its resulting information overload
and impact on identity. The installation uses a database of digital
images as metaphor for individual and collective memory. It functions
as the location of both storage and erasure of memory and identity
which has been reduced to data in the digital image, much as in
genetic fingerprinting or statistical demographics and collective
memory structures which contain other's memories of an individual.
It also parallels the physiological co-location of memory storage
and erasure.
The
digital content of each image file, specifically the pixel color
values, stands as the both the narrative content used to review
and retell the event in forming and erasing memory. The database
of images invokes the general notion of memory by including images
of both daily life and neuroscience. As an image is called up from
the database, a small yellow cursor pinpoints the location where
the pixel value will be sampled and sonified at every half second.
Through this sonification, reminiscent of the tones made by heart
and oxygen monitors at patient bedsides, the image tells itself
to itself. As this recounting occurs, the microphone samples the
sound level, taking in both the tone and any ambient noise. As the
microphone does not possess the ability to register the sound level
with absolute fidelity, there is a loss that occurs in this transmission,
much as there is loss in accuracy when reviewing events in the creating
of memory traces as exemplified by the inaccuracies in eye-witness
accounts, or the distortion of a received signal due to the inclusion
of noise in the transmission. [4]
This
sampling and recording process is a way in which the scientific
tradition of empiricism becomes operationalized in the installation,
as well as subtly raising one's awareness of the relationship between
the information and aesthetics resident in scientific images used
for representing research data and the point of view of their "producer".
The process commences immediately as the image is projected and
runs for the duration for two minutes at the end of which the image
is altered, appearing degraded, and is stored in an archive for
display. Each image in turn is processed and archived and displayed
on the LCD monitor, reflecting the daily trajectory of the degradation
(memory loss) as well as encoding the sounds generated by visitors
to the gallery into the alteration of the image. Each day the random
sampling, degradation, and collection of all images in the database
requires seven hours to complete. In observing the archive collection
of processed images, it is important to note that despite significant
degradation, there is some resemblance to the original when presented
in the context of the collection, yet individually, when viewed
in the large projected format at the end of the two minute process,
the image seems so degraded/altered that the resemblance to the
original is difficult to ascertain. This duality symbolizes the
altered sense of Self experienced by individuals with extensive
memory loss, such as in Alzheimer's Dementia, wherein a sense of
Self is retained, yet it is not that which is understood as part
of ordinary consciousness. The repetitive and continual nature of
this processing evokes the daily repetition and continuity inherent
in creating memory and identity, memory loss and the altered state
of Self-awareness during processes such as Alzheimer's dementia,
as well as in the methodologies applied in the empiricism of scientific
practice. |
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